Merits and Demerits of Lithium Batteries
Lithium batteries are primary batteries that have lithium metal or lithium compounds as an anode, and the term “lithium batteries” refers to a family of different chemistries, comprising many types of cathodes and electrolytes. Based on the design and chemical compounds used, these batteries can produce voltages from 1.5V to about 3V, which is twice the voltage of an ordinary zinc-carbon or alkaline cell.
Lithium batteries provide 300-500 discharge/charge cycles, and it needs a partial discharge rather than a full discharge. Frequent full discharges should be avoided when possible, and we can charge more often or use a larger battery. These batteries offer high energy density, high capacity and long cycle life with no memory effect, and these batteries are ideal for many portable electronic devices as they can operate over a wide temperature range.
Some of the merits of the lithium batteries are higher energy density which is potential for higher capacities, no need for prolonged priming when new, relatively low self-discharge, low maintenance as there is no need for periodic discharge. The demerits are that it requires protection circuit to maintain voltage and current within safe limits, easily prone to aging when not in use, manufacturing cost is high, and finally these batteries are not fully mature as the metals and chemicals used in batteries are changing on a continuing basis.
Lithium batteries are more commonly used in many portable consumer electronic devices, and are widely used in industries and factories.
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